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Nutrition in Plants" chapter from the 7th standard CBSE Science :

Nutrition in Plants" chapter from the 7th standard CBSE Science curriculum:

20 MCQs with Answers

  1. What is the process by which plants prepare their food?
    a) Respiration
    b) Transpiration
    c) Photosynthesis
    d) Fermentation
    Answer: c) Photosynthesis

  2. What is the pigment in leaves that captures sunlight for photosynthesis?
    a) Hemoglobin
    b) Melanin
    c) Chlorophyll
    d) Keratin
    Answer: c) Chlorophyll

  3. Which part of the plant is responsible for photosynthesis?
    a) Roots
    b) Stem
    c) Leaves
    d) Flowers
    Answer: c) Leaves

  4. What gas do plants take in during photosynthesis?
    a) Oxygen
    b) Carbon dioxide
    c) Nitrogen
    d) Hydrogen
    Answer: b) Carbon dioxide

  5. What are the products of photosynthesis?
    a) Water and carbon dioxide
    b) Glucose and oxygen
    c) Glucose and water
    d) Carbon dioxide and oxygen
    Answer: b) Glucose and oxygen

  6. Which type of nutrition do green plants exhibit?
    a) Heterotrophic
    b) Saprotrophic
    c) Autotrophic
    d) Parasitic
    Answer: c) Autotrophic

  7. Which organism is an example of a parasite?
    a) Fungus
    b) Mushroom
    c) Cuscuta
    d) Lichen
    Answer: c) Cuscuta

  8. What mineral do plants absorb from the soil for photosynthesis?
    a) Magnesium
    b) Iron
    c) Nitrogen
    d) Phosphorus
    Answer: a) Magnesium

  9. What is the main source of energy for plants?
    a) Water
    b) Nutrients from soil
    c) Sunlight
    d) Oxygen
    Answer: c) Sunlight

  10. Which part of the plant absorbs water and minerals?
    a) Leaves
    b) Stem
    c) Roots
    d) Flowers
    Answer: c) Roots

  11. What type of relationship is shown by lichens?
    a) Parasitic
    b) Mutualistic
    c) Saprotrophic
    d) Autotrophic
    Answer: b) Mutualistic

  12. What gas is released during photosynthesis?
    a) Carbon dioxide
    b) Oxygen
    c) Nitrogen
    d) Hydrogen
    Answer: b) Oxygen

  13. What do plants require besides sunlight and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis?
    a) Water
    b) Oxygen
    c) Minerals
    d) Soil
    Answer: a) Water

  14. Which of the following is a heterotrophic plant?
    a) Rose
    b) Sunflower
    c) Cactus
    d) Pitcher plant
    Answer: d) Pitcher plant

  15. What do fungi use to obtain their nutrition?
    a) Sunlight
    b) Chlorophyll
    c) Dead and decaying matter
    d) Roots
    Answer: c) Dead and decaying matter

  16. What is the primary function of chlorophyll?
    a) Absorbing carbon dioxide
    b) Absorbing water
    c) Absorbing sunlight
    d) Absorbing minerals
    Answer: c) Absorbing sunlight

  17. Which of these is not a mode of nutrition in plants?
    a) Autotrophic
    b) Heterotrophic
    c) Saprotrophic
    d) Hemotrophic
    Answer: d) Hemotrophic

  18. What process do plants use to release energy stored in glucose?
    a) Photosynthesis
    b) Fermentation
    c) Respiration
    d) Transpiration
    Answer: c) Respiration

  19. Which type of plant traps and digests insects?
    a) Cuscuta
    b) Rose
    c) Mushroom
    d) Venus flytrap
    Answer: d) Venus flytrap

  20. In which part of the chloroplast does the light-dependent reaction take place?
    a) Stroma
    b) Thylakoid membrane
    c) Cytoplasm
    d) Nucleus
    Answer: b) Thylakoid membrane

20 Short Answer Questions

  1. What is photosynthesis?
    Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water, producing glucose and oxygen.

  2. What role does chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?
    Answer: Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, which is necessary for photosynthesis.

  3. What is an autotrophic plant?
    Answer: An autotrophic plant can produce its own food through the process of photosynthesis.

  4. Name a parasitic plant.
    Answer: Cuscuta (also known as dodder).

  5. What is the main product of photosynthesis?
    Answer: Glucose.

  6. What is saprotrophic nutrition?
    Answer: Saprotrophic nutrition is when organisms feed on dead and decaying organic matter.

  7. Why do plants need sunlight?
    Answer: Plants need sunlight to carry out photosynthesis.

  8. What is the significance of stomata in leaves?
    Answer: Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow gas exchange (CO2 in, O2 out).

  9. Which gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis?
    Answer: Carbon dioxide.

  10. What is the source of energy for plants?
    Answer: Sunlight.

  11. What type of nutrition do fungi exhibit?
    Answer: Saprotrophic nutrition.

  12. Name a plant that exhibits heterotrophic nutrition.
    Answer: Pitcher plant.

  13. What are lichens an example of?
    Answer: Mutualistic relationship.

  14. What do plants release during photosynthesis?
    Answer: Oxygen.

  15. Why do plants need water?
    Answer: Water is a key reactant in the photosynthesis process and helps in transporting nutrients.

  16. What do the roots of plants absorb?
    Answer: Water and minerals from the soil.

  17. What is chlorophyll, and why is it important?
    Answer: Chlorophyll is the green pigment in leaves that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.

  18. What type of nutrition does a Venus flytrap have?
    Answer: Partially autotrophic and partially heterotrophic (insectivorous).

  19. What is the purpose of photosynthesis in plants?
    Answer: To produce food (glucose) and store energy.

  20. What happens to the oxygen produced in photosynthesis?
    Answer: It is released into the atmosphere.

10 Brief Answer Questions

  1. Explain how plants absorb carbon dioxide.
    Answer: Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air through tiny openings called stomata on the leaves.

  2. What is the role of water in photosynthesis?
    Answer: Water provides hydrogen ions needed for the formation of glucose and releases oxygen as a by-product during photosynthesis.

  3. How do heterotrophic plants differ from autotrophic plants?
    Answer: Heterotrophic plants cannot make their own food and depend on other organisms, while autotrophic plants make their food using sunlight, water, and CO2.

  4. What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?
    Answer: The light-dependent reaction (in the thylakoid membrane) and the light-independent reaction or Calvin cycle (in the stroma).

  5. Why are chloroplasts essential for photosynthesis?
    Answer: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which captures sunlight necessary for photosynthesis.

  6. Describe the process of saprotrophic nutrition.
    Answer: Saprotrophic nutrition involves the breakdown of complex organic material into simpler substances by secreting digestive enzymes, as seen in fungi.

  7. What adaptations do insectivorous plants have for nutrition?
    Answer: Insectivorous plants have modified leaves that can trap and digest insects to supplement their nutrient intake.

  8. Why do parasitic plants not have chlorophyll?
    Answer: Parasitic plants do not have chlorophyll because they do not perform photosynthesis; they obtain nutrients directly from their host.

  9. What happens during the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis?
    Answer: During the light-dependent reaction, light energy is used to split water molecules, releasing oxygen, and producing ATP and NADPH.

  10. What role does glucose play in plants?
    Answer: Glucose acts as an energy source for plants and is also used to form other organic molecules for growth and development.

10 Detailed Answer Questions

  1. Explain the process of photosynthesis in detail.
    Answer: Photosynthesis is a two-stage process. In the light-dependent reaction, sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll, which energizes electrons and splits water molecules, releasing oxygen. The energy produced in this stage (ATP and NADPH) is used in the Calvin cycle (light-independent reaction) in the stroma, where CO2 is converted into glucose.

  2. Discuss the importance of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
    Answer: Chlorophyll is essential for capturing light energy from the sun. This energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis, enabling the plant to produce food and release oxygen as a by-product.

  3. What are the similarities and differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition?
    Answer: Both forms of nutrition provide energy and materials for growth. Autotrophic nutrition (e.g., photosynthesis in plants) involves producing food from inorganic substances. Heterotrophic nutrition requires consuming other organisms for energy, such as in fungi and parasitic plants.

  4. Describe the structure and function of stomata.
    Answer: Stomata are small openings found mainly on the underside of leaves. They consist of two guard cells that control their opening and closing, facilitating gas exchange: allowing CO2 to enter for photosynthesis and oxygen to exit as a by-product.

  5. How does the process of photosynthesis impact the environment?
    Answer: Photosynthesis is vital for maintaining the oxygen level in the atmosphere and removing CO2. It also forms the base of the food chain by providing energy for plant growth, which supports other life forms.

  6. Why do plants require mineral nutrients in addition to sunlight, water, and CO2?
    Answer: Mineral nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, are crucial for various plant functions, including growth, development, and the synthesis of proteins and chlorophyll.

  7. Explain how the Calvin cycle works in photosynthesis.
    Answer: The Calvin cycle, or light-independent reaction, takes place in the stroma of the chloroplasts. It uses ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reaction to convert CO2 into glucose through a series of enzyme-driven steps.

  8. What is the role of water in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis?
    Answer: Water is split into hydrogen ions, electrons, and oxygen in the presence of light. This process provides the electrons needed for the light reaction and releases oxygen as a by-product.

  9. What are some examples of heterotrophic plants, and how do they obtain nutrition?
    Answer: Examples include the pitcher plant, Venus flytrap, and Cuscuta. These plants obtain nutrition by trapping and digesting insects or absorbing nutrients from a host plant.

  10. What adaptations help insectivorous plants survive in nutrient-poor soil?
    Answer: Insectivorous plants have evolved modified leaves that attract, trap, and digest insects to obtain nutrients, particularly nitrogen, which they lack in nutrient-poor soils.

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